Mechanism for combining liquids.



J. W. LEDOUX. MECHANISM FOR COMBINING LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED 0012s,1911.

1,085,348. Patented Jan 27, 1914.

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AZTOR VEK UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN w. LEDOUX, or swan'i liia h PENNSYLVANIA. mscnmxsm non ccnmnmemourns.

Specification or Ltters Patent.

Patented Jan. 27,1914.

Appfimtivn filed 00170101 26, 1911-. Sefll No; 656,814.

To (171 207mm it may concern f Be it known that I, Jenn W. Macon-acitizen of the United States, res'iding' at Swarthmore, in the county ofDelaware and 5 State of Pennsylvania, have invented Mechanism forCombining Liquids, out which the following is a specification.

My invention is designed primarily for impregnatingfiowing water with acoagu- 1 lating or sterilizing solution introduced at a rate varyingwith the rate of fi'ow of the water so that the two liquids shall bemixed in the desired ratio regardless of such rate of flow. but it willbe understood that it is applicable to more general use, for the purposeof combining fiuid's. in' definite proportions.

It has been proposed toimpregnate water flowing in a conduit withsubstances carried thereto by gravity with regulation of the proportionof such substances to a greater or less degree by di-iTerenti-alpressure meohanisms of various kinds, but such proposed modes ofoperation do not! effect the desired proportional combination andinvolve the use of mechanism that is comparatively complicated andexpensive as well as inaccurate; In my improved mode of operation, inthe preferred form, I employ an impregnating solution having a specificgravity slightly greater than that of the water or other fluid to beimpregnated, the impregnating solution is stored so that it cannot bedischarged by gravity, and a contracted and normal section of aconduitcontaining the fliiid to be impregnated are respectively connected witha lower and higher part of avessel containing the solution so that thereshall be no solution delivered to the water when the latter is quiescentand astho' flow of water rises from zero to the maximum a; proportionatepart of the solution shall be delivered thereto by the resultantpressure due to the differentiation efiected by the contracted conduitsection. It is also designed to connect eachof the different sections ofthe conduit alternately with the lower levels of two connectechvesselswhich are alternately charged with the impregnating solution, the vesselcontaining the solution being connected with the contracted section ofthe conduit while the other vessel is connected with the normal conduitsection and receives water which is separated from the solution by aliquid such as oil.

The characteristic features ofmy inveniti-on are more fully disclosed inthe follow- 1 mg description and the accompanying drawrngs inillustration thereof.-

In the drawings, Figure I is an elevation,

partly in section, of mechanism used in the practice of my invention;and Fig. 2 is an elevatlmi, partly in section, representing a secondform of such apparatus. As illustrated in Fig. 1, a conduit 1, havmg aVenturi section 1, is connected with a lower closed vessel 2' by a pipe3, containing a valve 3, which connects a; normal section of the conduitwith the top or upper part of the vessel, and by a pipe 4, containing avalve 4 which connects the contracted or Ventun section of the conduitwith the bottom or lower part oi the vessel. A pipe 5, containing avalve 5, is connected with the pipe 4, between the vessel 2 and thevalve 4, for the purpose of introducing the solution to the bottom ofthe vessel.

The vessel 2 being provided with the solution, suflicient to maintainthe bottom of the pipe 4 covered, the valves 3 and i" being open to thedesiredamount and the valve 5 being closed',-such solution will becarried up through the pipe 4 into the conduit at a rate bearing asubstantially constant ratio to the rate oi flew of water in theconduit, for it will be understood that when there is no flow in theconduit the water pressures communicated therefrom through the pipes 3and 4a to thesol'u-tion withinand without the pipe a are equal, so thatsuch solution will stand at the same level within and without in theconduit rises from zero tothe maximum, the difference between the waterpressures at the normal and contracted sections will increase therewithfrom zero to the maximum, whereby the solution will be carried throughthe pipe 4 and mixed with water in the conduit. It shouldbe understood that a small amount of a solution, such as alum or hypochlorite ofcalcium or sulfate of aluminum or sulfate of iron, so introduced towater flowing in the conduit will mix with such water to effect thedesired coagulation or sterilization, while water introduced to the topof the vessel and collecting in a body on the body of the solution w1llmix zone.

As illustrated in Fig. 2, a conduit 11, havthe lower closed vessels 12and 12', by the such pipe, but as the velocity of the water" ing aVenturi section 11, is connected with to but a slight extent and withina limited p1 pe 13wh1ch connects a normal section of the conduit withthe bottom of the vessel 12 and a pipe 14 which connects thecontractedor Venturi section of the conduit with the bottom of the vessel 12. Thecrossed pipes 15 and 16 connect the pipes 13 and 14:, a

I valve 13 is placed in the pipe 13 between its connections with thepipes 15 and 16, a valve 14- is placed in the pipe 14 between itsconnections with the pipes 15 and 16, and valves 15 and 16 are placed inthe respective pipes 15 and 16. A pipe 17 connects the tops of thevessels 12 and 12. A pipe'l8, containing the valve 18, is connected withthe pipe 13, for the purpose of introducing solution therethrough to thebottom of the vessel 12, and a pipe l9, containing the valve 19, isconnected with the pipe 14, for the purpose of introducing solutiontherethrough to the bottom of the vessel 12. Sight glasses 20 and 20 areplacedupon the respective vessels to show the liquid level therein.

water flowing in the conduit.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. The improvements for impregnating a flowing liquid with a quantity ofa second liquid proportional to the rate of flow of the flowing liquidwhich comprises the combination with a conduit for carrying the flowingliquid, of means for containing a store of the second liquid; meansconnecting the same with a section of said conduit so that said secondliquid cannot flow by gravity into said conduit and the upper surfacethereof shall be subject to pressure communicated from said flowingliquid, and means for connecting said storevwith a section of saidconduit whereby the pressure is reduced by the velocity head so that itis lower than the pressure at said first named section.

2. The improvements for'impregnating a flowing liquid with a quantity ofa second liquid proportionalto the rate of flow of the flowing liquid,which comprise the combination of a conduit having a contracted sectionfor carrying the flowing liquid, a vessel for holding a store of thesecond liquid below said conduit, means for connecting the contractedsection of said conduit with the interior of said vessel below thenormal level of said second liquid therein and means for connecting alarger section of said conduit with the interior of said vessel abovethe normal level of said second liquid therein, whereby differentpressures at said different sections of said conduit effect the deliveryof said second liquid to said flowing liquid.

1 3. The improvements for impregnating a flowing liquid with a quantityof a second liquid proportional to the rate of flow of said flowingliquid, which comprises the combination of a conduit having a Venturisection therein for differentiating the pressure of said flowing liquid,a vessel for holding the second liquid below said conduit, and meanswhereby said vessel is connected with said conduit and said secondliquid is carried from said vessel into said Venturi section by thedifferential pressures caused by said flowing liquid without beingcarried into said conduit when there is no flow therein.

4. The improvements for mixing fluids which comprise a conduit, a pairof storage vessels, means for connecting said vessels, pipes connectingsaid conduit with the re spective vessels, crossed pipes connectin thepipes aforesaid and means for compe ling flow from each of said firstnamed pipes to the other of said first named pipes through a crossedpipe.

In'witness whereof I have hereunto set my name this 24th day of October,1911, in the presence of the subscribing witnesses.

JOHN W. LEDOUX.

Witnesses:

Joe. G. DENNY, Jr., CHARLES N. BUTLER.

